1-- The plane: closed rectangles are compact in the product topology of two2-- copies of the line3-- Part of Cumulus, the Grace17 mathematics library.4-- Copyright (c) 2026 Grant Passmore.5-- Released under the Apache License 2.0. See LICENSE in the repository root.6-- Authors: Grant Passmore78module Grace.Cumulus.Topology.Plane9import Tube10import HeineBorel1112def planeTopology : Set:= productTopology(ℝ, realTopology, ℝ, realTopology)1314theorem planeTopology.topology15shows IsTopology(ℝ × ℝ, planeTopology)16proof17unfold planeTopology18exact productTopology.topology with realTopology.topology, realTopology.topology1920theorem closedRectangle.compact (A B C D : Real)21requires orderedX : A ≤ B22requires orderedY : C ≤ D23shows IsCompact(ℝ × ℝ, planeTopology, closedInterval(A, B) × closedInterval(C, D))24proof25have compactX := closedInterval.compact with orderedX26have compactY := closedInterval.compact with orderedY27unfold planeTopology28exact IsCompact.product with realTopology.topology, realTopology.topology, compactX, compactY29